This working paper examines how the Midwest could support the next generation of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) by using corn stover, an abundant agricultural residue, rather than relying on food crop–based biofuels. The report evaluates five potential SAF and carbon dioxide removal pathways.
The analysis finds that a stover-based SAF and carbon dioxide removal industry could help replace or compensate for up to three billion gallons of jet fuel annually while supporting substantial regional economic activity. Depending on the technology pathway, this emerging industry could support between 99,000 and 214,000 gross annual jobs, generate billions in labor income and GDP, and create new revenue opportunities for Midwestern farmers.
The report also underscores that scaling these technologies will require significant capital investment, continued innovation, and policy support focused on genuinely low-carbon fuels.
Download the full report for further study highlights.
